C++ Classes:

• How to declare a new class.
Classes have two types of members:  data members and member functions.
• Data members.
There are two types of data:  public data and private data.
Public Data Members: data members that can be changed from anywhere, by anything
Private Data Members: data members that can be changed only by the member functions inside the class

• How to declare member functions.
Function members can only be declared within the class declaration
Function members can be defined anywhere, within or ouside the class declaration
Note: To define functions outside the class declaration you need to use a scope operator (two colons).
            This is used to tell the compiler to which class the function belongs.
example:        void beginning_class::show_value(void)
                                  name of class       scope operator        function name
Public Member Functions: member functions that can be called on by any other function, including both outside and inside the class
Private Member Functions: member functions that can only be called by other functions that are members of the same class
• What is a constructor?
It is a special function.
It is called when a new object of the class is declared.
It provides a chance to initialize objects.
It always has the same name as the class in which it is defined.
It has no return type, even you can not write it as void.
• How to initialize a data member when you declare an object? (click on it)